Hiroo Onoda: Holdout on Lubang Island

Onoda was conscripted into the army in 1942 and trained as an intelligence officer at the Futamata branch of the Nakano School, where he was instructed in guerrilla warfare. The main school was located in 4 Chome Nakano, Tokyo, and the school's history names Onoda as a graduate who did not surrender until 1974 on Lubang Island. The pin marks the main school's district in Nakano, not the Futamata branch.

Location precision: Onoda trained at the Futamata branch; the pin marks the main school's district in Nakano, Tokyo.

On 26 December 1944 Onoda was sent to lead guerrilla operations on Lubang, about 250 square kilometres of island. His orders explicitly said that under no circumstances was he to surrender or take his own life. Only he and three other soldiers remained, and he led them into the mountains. They lived on bananas, coconuts, stolen rice and cattle. After Kozuka was killed in October 1972, Onoda was alone.

Location precision: The hiding place in the mountains is not named; the pin marks the island.

The adventurer Norio Suzuki, who said he was looking for "Lieutenant Onoda, a panda, and the abominable snowman, in that order", found Onoda after four days of searching. Onoda still waited for orders. His former commander, Major Taniguchi, met him in the jungle on 9 March and relieved him of duty. On 10 March 1974 Onoda surrendered to Philippine forces at Lubang's radar base.

Location precision: The radar base site is not named; the pin marks the town of Lubang.

On 11 March 1974 Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos held a formal surrender ceremony for Onoda at Malacañang Palace, the residence of the Philippine presidents. Marcos granted him a full pardon for any crimes committed while in hiding. Onoda handed over his sword, a working Type 99 rifle and 500 rounds of ammunition. He had held out 10,416 days after Japan's surrender in 1945.

In 1996 Onoda returned to Lubang and visited the town of Looc, after his wife arranged a US$10,000 scholarship donation to the local school. Filipino media had alleged that he and his men killed up to thirty civilians. The town council asked him to compensate the families of seven people, and about fifty close relatives of alleged victims protested against the visit.

Location precision: The town is named but no exact site; the pin marks Looc.